Pseudomonas aeruginosa turns its environment blue by producing pyocyanin, a redox-active metabolite. Oxygen keeps it bright blue, but when oxygen runs low, the bacteria reduce it and the color fades 
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (orange) colonizing the mucus layer (green) at the surface of airway organoids (magenta)
Hernandez-Bird, Meirelles** (2026). Simulating the host niche: balancing complexity and control in the experimental evolution of antibiotic resistance and pathoadaptation. Microbiology (https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.001767)
Meirelles**, Grigoryan, Le Blanc, Liaskos, Vayena, Distler, Al-Mayyah, Hatzimanikatis, Persat** (2026). Pyocyanin disrupts airway regeneration to favor chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. bioRxiv (https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.06.15.732350)
Meirelles, Persat** (2025). Decoding host-microbe interactions with engineered human organoids. EMBO J (https://doi.org/10.1038/s44318-025-00387-3)
Meirelles, Vayena, Debache, Schmidt, Rossy, Distler, Hatzimanikatis, Persat** (2024). Pseudomonas aeruginosa faces a fitness trade-off between mucosal colonization and antibiotic tolerance during airway infections. Nat Microbiol (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-024-01842-3)
Meirelles, Newman** (2022). Phenazines and toxoflavin act as interspecies modulators of resilience to diverse antibiotics. Mol Microbiol (https://doi.org/10.1111/mmi.14915)
Perry*, Meirelles*, Newman** (2022). From the soil to the clinic: the impact of microbial secondary metabolites on antibiotic tolerance and resistance. Nat Rev Microbiol
(https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-021-00620-w)
Meirelles*, Perry*, Bergkessel, Newman** (2021). Bacterial defenses against a natural antibiotic promote collateral resilience to clinical antibiotics. PLoS Biology
(https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001093)
Meirelles, Newman** (2018). Both toxic and beneficial effects of pyocyanin contribute to the lifecycle of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mol Microbiol
(https://doi.org/10.1111/mmi.14132)
*= co-first authors; ** = corresponding author(s); bold = Meirelles Lab Members
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